home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
TIME: Almanac 1995
/
TIME Almanac 1995.iso
/
time
/
071194
/
07119914.000
< prev
next >
Wrap
Text File
|
1994-09-09
|
5KB
|
98 lines
<text id=94TT0903>
<title>
Jul. 11, 1994: Economy:Dollar Daze
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1994
Jul. 11, 1994 From Russia, With Venom
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
ECONOMY, Page 22
Dollar Daze
</hdr>
<body>
<p> Can Clinton do anything to stop its fall? Or will any attempt
at a cure only make things worse?
</p>
<p>By George J. Church--Reported by Bernard Baumohl/New York, Edward W. Desmond/Tokyo,
Suneel Ratan/Washington and Bruce van Voorst/Bonn
</p>
<p> The dive in the dollar had once been expected to dominate this
week's summit meeting of the seven major industrial powers in
Naples. But now Secretary of the Treasury Lloyd Bentsen insists
there will be no "detailed discussion"--and perhaps wisely.
What, after all, could Bill Clinton say? That he is not to blame
for the battering of the buck, sees little he can do about it,
and is not sure he should even try? A plausible argument could
be made for all those propositions, but it would not calm the
currency markets.
</p>
<p> Day after day the greenback has been hitting post-World War
II lows against the Japanese yen. At one point last week the
dollar would buy less than 98 yen, down about 2% since June
21 and 10% since February. The dollar has also fallen about
8% this year against the deutsche mark, to 1.59 DM last week.
Those drops have contributed to a continuing erosion of stock
and bond prices. The Dow Jones industrial average was 3647 Friday,
down 8% from its Jan. 31 high, while the yield on 30-year U.S.
Treasury bonds had risen to 7.6%, higher than when Clinton was
inaugurated.
</p>
<p> How come, when the U.S. economy is expanding steadily with little
inflation? Some conservatives grumble about an international
investors' vote of no confidence in Clinton's leadership. But
most analysts stress other causes. German financiers cite a
worldwide demand for investment capital to finance renewed economic
growth. The U.S., they say, is losing out because investments
in other countries yield a return roughly equal to what American
securities pay, with less risk of currency-exchange losses.
So fear of a further decline in the dollar chokes off the very
investments that could prevent it.
</p>
<p> More fundamentally, decades of U.S. trade deficits have sent
hundreds of billions of dollars sloshing around the world, and
the oversupply, like an oversupply of, say, wheat, drives down
the price. In particular, the U.S. trade deficit with Japan
creates a constant pressure against the dollar. Japanese companies
regularly sell the dollars they earn trading with the U.S. for
yen to pay off workers, stockholders and creditors in Japan.
The pressure might be eased by a Tokyo government with the will
and staying power to negotiate a trade deal that would reduce
Japan's trade surplus with the U.S.--but the bizarre coalition
government cobbled together last week hardly qualifies.
</p>
<p> Coordinated selling of yen and marks and buying of dollars by
government central banks has twice failed to prop the dollar's
price. The U.S. Federal Reserve might try raising interest rates
again--possibly this week--to make American investments
more attractive to foreigners. But most analysts doubt such
a move would accomplish much unless it were synchronized with
interest-rate cuts in Europe and Japan, which would not be easy
to achieve. It could even be dangerous. The big worry about
the dollar slide is that it will fan U.S. inflation by raising
the price of imported goods and the American-made products that
compete against them. But the U.S. imports more from Canada
and Mexico than from Germany and Japan, and the American currency
has actually risen against the Canadian dollar and the Mexican
peso. A further rise in interest rates might hurt the U.S. economy,
by making consumer purchases and business investments more costly
to finance, much more than it would help by restraining import
inflation.
</p>
<p> Doing nothing has its dangers too. The drop could feed on itself
until it got totally out of hand. One helpful factor is that
the dollar is considered to be undervalued: it will not buy
as much as an equivalent number of marks or yen. In a rational
world the dollar would rise until the purchasing power of the
various currencies was equalized. But waiting for rationality
in currency markets is like waiting for the really big earthquake
to hit California: it could come tomorrow, or in the next decade,
or not in our lifetime.
</p>
</body>
</article>
</text>